The Truth about Jesus in Islam: Exonerating and Exalting

Introduction
Within the rich tapestry of Islamic theology, the figure of Jesus, known as Isa, occupies a unique role. This article explores the Islamic perspective on the crucifixion of Jesus, elucidating how this belief aligns with the teachings of the Quran and the commentaries of prominent scholars like Ibn Kathir.

Exonerating the Belief of the Crucifixion

The Quranic Perspective on Jesus' Exoneration
The holy book of Islam, the Quran, provides clear guidance on the matter of Jesus' death. In the Quran, it is explicitly mentioned that Jesus was not killed by men nor crucified (Quran 4:157). This exoneration serves as a safeguard against false beliefs and helps maintain the sanctity of the prophets entrusted by God.

Just as Prophet Muhammad exonerates all people from the crime of crucifying Jesus, so does the Quran affirm this statement. The text does not stigmatize any specific group or individual, reflecting a universal and non-discriminatory approach to faith and truth.

Exegesis of Quranic Verses

Quran 2:136 and 4:157
These verses hold significant weight in the understanding of the events surrounding Jesus. Quran 2:136 clearly states: That they professed to have crucified the [Prophet] Jesus, the son of Mary, but they did not kill him nor crucify him, but so it was made to appear to them, and those who differ therein are full of doubt. But they have no [certain] knowledge. And they did not kill him for certain. Similarly, Quran 4:157 reaffirms: And for their saying, We slew the Messiah, Jesus the son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah;

Commentary by Ibn Kathir

Broadening the Historical Context
Ibn Kathir, a renowned Islamic scholar, provided deep insights into these verses. According to his exegesis, Tafsir Ibn Kathir, Jesus was often traveling with his mother and his followers. Despite their dhikr (remembrance and reflection) of God, certain Jewish leaders were still restless and sought to entrap Jesus.

They approached the Roman rulers, accusing him of stirring unrest among the people. The Roman governor, under the false impression that Jesus was the culprit, ordered his men to arrest and crucify him. However, the logical continuation of this narrative is the belief that Jesus was not actually crucified but was taken to heaven by God while an impostor was crucified.

Imitation and Providence

Divine Providence
The great exegesis asserts that Jesus was taken up to heaven by divine command, leaving no trace of his physical presence on Earth. The Quran then states that an impostor was then crucified (or made to look like he was crucified) in his place. The key to understanding this event is to recognize the profound concept of Imitation (Ithbat) and Divine Providence (Irada) in Islamic theology.

It is crucial to remember that the story of Jesus' death, according to Islam, is not only a narrative but also a lesson in divine punishment and forgiveness. It illustrates the consequences of hypocrisy, the power of divine intervention, and the enduring legacy of prophethood.

Conclusion
The belief in Islam regarding the crucifixion of Jesus is a complex theological and historical issue. The Quran and the interpretations of scholars like Ibn Kathir provide a clear framework for understanding this topic. By understanding these teachings, one can appreciate the nuanced and multifaceted nature of Islamic beliefs surrounding this significant figure in both religious and historical contexts.