Myths Surrounding the Annexation of Hawaii

Commonly believed narratives often perpetuate misunderstandings about the annexation of Hawaii by the United States. This article aims to reveal the truth behind these misconceptions and provide a comprehensive understanding of how Hawaii became part of the American republic.

Was Hawaii Purchased?

The notion that Hawaii was a purchased territory is a myth perpetuated by ignorance and misinformation. Hawaii was an independent kingdom before it was annexed by the United States. The idea that it was purchased is a simplification that obscures the complex historical events leading to annexation.

The Coup and Annexation

The annexation of Hawaii began with a political coup in 1893 orchestrated by a group of American plantation owners. Under the guise of legitimacy and protection, they overthrew the Kingdom of Hawaii and imprisoned Queen Liliuokalani, the last reigning monarch.

The plot to overthrow the Kingdom was intricately orchestrated by sugar and pineapple barons. These middle-aged white men, who owned vast plantations, sought to establish a Republic of Hawaii and later a U.S. territory. The illegally organized overthrow was facilitated by a deal with the local U.S. Navy Commodore, who placed his ships' guns at the Iolani Palace, intimidating Queen Liliuokalani into submission.

Following the coup, the Republic of Hawaii negotiated a deal with the U.S. federal government to become a U.S. territory. This move was made primarily to avoid paying tariffs on sugar and pineapple exports to other countries, as being part of the U.S. would grant them a tariff-free status.

Controversial Annexation and Its Consequences

Hawaii's annexation by the U.S. was a clear violation of its sovereignty. The legitimacy of the overthrow and the annexation remains a contentious issue to this day. The U.S. military occupation of Hawaii lasted for over 60 years, and the indigenous population was not given a say in the statehood decision. Instead, the vote for statehood in 1959 was heavily influenced by non-Hawaiian immigrants, largely plantation workers and government employees. This demographic shift skewed the results in favor of statehood.

The Ongoing Struggle for Recognition

The annexation of Hawaii stands as a symbol of American imperialism and the suppression of indigenous rights. The struggle for recognition and justice for the native Hawaiian people continues. Efforts to return sovereignty to the native Hawaiians include cultural preservation, political representation, and legal recognition of their rights.

Conclusion

The annexation of Hawaii was a complex and controversial event. It marked a significant shift in the political landscape of the Pacific and had profound consequences for the indigenous population. Understanding the true history of Hawaii’s annexation is crucial for recognizing its complex legacy and ongoing implications.